How is residual stress generated in Milling machine parts Hardware processing, and how to eliminate or reduce the impact of residual stress on part performance?
Publish Time: 2024-08-10
There are many reasons for the generation of residual stress in the process of Milling machine parts Hardware processing. First, during cutting, the cutting action of the tool on the workpiece material will cause local plastic deformation. Under the action of cutting force and cutting heat, the grain structure of the surface of the material changes, resulting in uneven deformation, thus forming residual stress. For example, when the cutting speed is high, the heat generated will cause the surface of the material to heat up rapidly, and after cooling, there will be thermal stress inside the material, which will be superimposed with the mechanical stress caused by the cutting force to form a complex residual stress state.
Secondly, the processing parameters will also affect the generation of residual stress. A larger cutting depth and feed rate may increase the degree of deformation of the material, thereby increasing the residual stress. Different processing sequences may also lead to differences in residual stress, such as roughing first and then finishing. If the residual stress left during roughing is not reasonably released, it will further affect the final residual stress state of the part after finishing.
In order to eliminate or reduce the impact of residual stress on part performance, a variety of methods can be adopted. The first is heat treatment, which is to perform appropriate heating and cooling treatment on the parts, such as annealing and tempering. Annealing can rearrange the crystal structure inside the material, eliminate the residual stress generated during the processing, and improve the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the parts. Tempering can further reduce the brittleness of the material and improve the toughness. The second is to use vibration aging treatment, which releases and homogenizes the residual stress inside the parts by applying vibration of a certain frequency and amplitude to the parts. This method is relatively energy-saving and efficient. The third is to optimize the processing parameters, reasonably select the cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth, etc., reduce the plastic deformation during the processing, and thus reduce the generation of residual stress. At the same time, using appropriate cooling and lubrication methods during the processing to control the generation of cutting heat can also help reduce residual stress. In short, understanding the causes of residual stress and taking effective measures to eliminate or reduce it are of great significance to improving the quality of Milling machine parts Hardware processing and the performance of parts.
